Seperating a mixture using Distillation
Aim: To seperate a solute from a solute from a solvent in a solution using distillation
Equipment: A solution of saltwater, conical flask, heatproof mat, a delivery tube and bung, Bunsen burner, tripod, gauze mat, retort stand, boss head and clamp, boiling tube.
Equipment: A solution of saltwater, conical flask, heatproof mat, a delivery tube and bung, Bunsen burner, tripod, gauze mat, retort stand, boss head and clamp, boiling tube.
Method:
- Set up the equipment as shown in the diagram.
- Add aproximately 50 ml of saltwater in conical flask.
- Light you bunsen burner. Open the air hole and gently push the Bunsen burner under the tripod.
- Heat the solution until most of the solvent has been evaporated. Turn off you bunsen burner
Observations: The mixture is heated in a flask. Ethanol has a lower boiling point than water so it evaporates first. The ethanol vapour is then cooled and condensed inside the condenser to form a pure liquid.For example, liquid ethanol can be separated from a mixture of ethanol and water by fractional distillation. This method works because the liquids in the mixture have different boiling points. When the mixture is heated, one liquid evaporates before the other.
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